Commercial Thermal Technologies for Desalination of Water from Renewable Energies: A State of the Art Review

Thermal desalination is yet a reliable technology in the treatment of brackish water and seawater; however, its demanding high energy requirements have lagged it compared to other non-thermal technologies such as reverse osmosis. This review provides an outline development trends three most commercially used thermal or phase change worldwide: Multi Effect Distillation (MED), Stage Flash (MSF), Vapor Compression (VCD). First, state stress suffered by regions with little fresh availability existing that could become alternative solution are shown. The recent studies published for each commercial presented, focusing on optimizing process, improving efficiencies, reducing demands. Then, overview use renewable potential integration into both non-commercial systems Finally, research their orientation towards hybridization energies relevant current problems discussed. reflective updated will help researchers detailed art subject starting point research, since advances